Zabbix installieren (Ubuntu 24.04)
# Zabbix 7 Repository
wget https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/7.0/ubuntu/pool/main/z/zabbix-release/zabbix-release_7.0-1+ubuntu24.04_all.deb
dpkg -i zabbix-release_7.0-1+ubuntu24.04_all.deb
apt update
# Server + Frontend + Agent
apt install -y zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-frontend-php zabbix-apache-conf zabbix-sql-scripts zabbix-agent2
# MySQL/MariaDB Datenbank
apt install -y mariadb-server
mysql -e "CREATE DATABASE zabbix CHARACTER SET utf8mb4;"
mysql -e "GRANT ALL ON zabbix.* TO 'zabbix'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'sicheres-passwort';"
# Schema importieren
zcat /usr/share/zabbix-sql-scripts/mysql/server.sql.gz | mysql zabbix
# /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
sed -i 's/# DBPassword=/DBPassword=sicheres-passwort/' /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
# Services starten
systemctl enable --now zabbix-server zabbix-agent2 apache2
# Web-UI: http://server-ip/zabbix
# Login: Admin / zabbix (ändern!)
Zabbix Agent2 auf Linux-Servern
# Auf zu überwachenden Servern:
wget https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/7.0/ubuntu/pool/main/z/zabbix-release/zabbix-release_7.0-1+ubuntu24.04_all.deb
dpkg -i zabbix-release_7.0-1+ubuntu24.04_all.deb
apt update && apt install -y zabbix-agent2
# /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.conf
sed -i 's/^Server=127.0.0.1/Server=192.168.1.100/' /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.conf
sed -i 's/^ServerActive=127.0.0.1/ServerActive=192.168.1.100/' /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.conf
sed -i 's/^Hostname=Zabbix server/Hostname=web-server-01/' /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.conf
systemctl enable --now zabbix-agent2
# Firewall: Port 10050 (Agent) vom Zabbix-Server erlauben
ufw allow from 192.168.1.100 to any port 10050
Templates und Auto-Discovery
Zabbix → Configuration → Hosts → Create Host:
Host name: web-server-01
Templates: Linux by Zabbix agent
Interface: Agent 192.168.1.10:10050
Vorgefertigte Templates (über 1000!):
- Linux by Zabbix agent
- Windows by Zabbix agent
- Nginx by Zabbix agent
- MySQL by Zabbix agent
- Docker by Zabbix agent
- Cisco IOS by SNMP
- pfSense by SNMP
Auto-Discovery:
Configuration → Discovery → Create Rule
IP Range: 192.168.1.1-254
Ports: 10050 (Zabbix Agent)
Device Uniqueness: IP
Trigger und Alerts
Zabbix → Configuration → Actions → Trigger Actions
Trigger: CPU > 90% für 5 Minuten
Severity: High
Action:
Send to: Admin Gruppe
E-Mail + SMS
Default Subject: Alarm: {TRIGGER.NAME}
Default Message:
Host: {HOST.NAME}
Trigger: {TRIGGER.NAME}
Severity: {TRIGGER.SEVERITY}
Item: {ITEM.LASTVALUE}
Zabbix vs. Prometheus
Zabbix:
+ All-in-One (DB, Alerting, Frontend)
+ Template-basiert (einfacher Start)
+ SNMP nativ
+ Agent-Protokoll robust
Prometheus:
+ Pull-Modell (besser für Cloud/Kubernetes)
+ PromQL flexibel
+ Grafana-Integration exzellent
+ Leichter horizontal skalierbar
FAQ
Kann Zabbix Windows-Server überwachen?
Ja. Zabbix Agent 2 für Windows herunterladen, Template "Windows by Zabbix agent" zuweisen. Überwacht CPU, RAM, Disk, Services, Event Log.
Fazit
Zabbix ist der All-in-One Monitoring-Standard für heterogene Umgebungen: Linux, Windows, Cisco, VMware und tausende mehr mit vorgefertigten Templates.
Zabbix Monitoring für KMU in Heidelberg, Mannheim und der Rhein-Neckar-Region. Anfragen.